<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robert J. Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Timothy D. Mount</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Richard Schuler</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">William Schulze</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ray Zimmerman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernando L. Alvarado</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bernard C. Lesieutre</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Philip N. Overholt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joseph H. Eto</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Efficient and Reliable Reactive Power Supply and Consumption - Insights from an Integrated Program of Engineering and Economics Research</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">consortium for electric reliability technology solutions (certs)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">energy analysis and environmental impacts department</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2008</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><related-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://eetd.lbl.gov/sites/all/files/publications/lbnl-63782.pdf</style></url></related-urls></urls><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></pages><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;In 2005, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) began discussing regulatory policy for reactive-power procurement and pricing in competitive electricity markets. This paper summarizes findings from a unique, interdisciplinary program of public-interest research that lays a formal foundation for evaluating aspects of FERC staff recommendations and offers early insights that should be useful in guiding policy implementation, specifically by:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;clarifying the consumers and economic characteristics of reactive power as a basis for creating incentives to appropriately price it,&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;defining specific challenges in creating a competitive market for reactive power as well as new tools needed to help ensure such a market functions efficiently, and&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;demonstrating the importance of accounting for the physical characteristics of the transmission network in planning for reactive power and avoiding the exercise of market power by suppliers.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;</style></abstract></record></records></xml>