Fading grid on green Commercial Building Ventilation and Indoor Environmental Quality
Table 2 Geometric mean (GM) indoor concentrations, geometric standard deviations (GSD), concentration ranges (ppb) and indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratio ranges for the VOCs measured in the Calif. Healthy Building Study.


Compound
Chemical
Class

GM±GSD
Conc.
Range
Range
I/O Ratios

Benzaldehyde OXID 0.47±2.0 <0.1-1.5 0.03-1.4
Benzene AROM 0.98±2.7 <0.1-2.7 0.25-4.2
Butyl acetate OXID 0.21±2.8 <0.1-1.4 0.20-15
2-Butoxyethanol OXID 1.6±3.7 <0.4-27 0.18-21
n-Decane ALK 0.49±3.1 <0.1-3.9 0.07-4.0
Dichloromethane CHLOR 0.40±6.7 <0.1-41 1.0-45
n-Dodecane ALK 1.5±2.8 0.44-24 0.27-110
Ethanol OXID 19±1.8 6.4-130 1.7-380
Ethyl acetate OXID 0.34±3.2 <0.1-3.0 0.94-60
Ethylbenzene AROM 0.50±1.4 0.27-0.98 0.48-2.5
2-Ethyltoluene AROM 0.48±1.7 0.21-0.98 0.65-7.1
3/4-Ethyltoluene AROM 0.75±1.6 0.35-1.7 0.44-2.5
n-Heptane ALK 0.40±1.4 0.16-0.72 0.50-2.2
Hexanal OXID 0.46±1.9 <0.2-1.9 1.0-19
n-Hexane ALK 0.55±2.5 <0.1-1.6 0.26-18
d-Limonene TERP 1.2±2.3 <0.2-5.6 0.69-22
Methylcyclopentane ALK 0.45±1.7 0.18-1.2 0.49-2.5
Methylcyclohexane ALK 0.38±1.5 0.13-0.76 0.60-5.9
3-Methylhexane ALK 0.34±1.5 0.18-0.71 0.43-2.4
n-Nonane ALK 0.36±2.6 <0.1-3.6 0.13-8.3
n-Octane ALK 0.32±3.0 <0.1-2.7 0.26-11
Pentanal OXID 0.17±3.7 <0.1-1.7 1.0-33
n-Pentane ALK 2.5±2.1 0.46-8.9 0.37-39
1-Phenylethanone OXID 1.0±1.3 0.67-2.8 0.60-1.2
2-Propanol OXID 2.3±4.0 <0.2-62 0.22-78
2-Propanone (acetone) OXID 4.3±1.5 2.7-12 0.96-8.9
Styrene AROM 0.4±2.2 <0.1-0.95 0.69-13
Tetrachloroethene CHLOR 0.42±2.8 0.1-2.0 0.73-2.8
Toluene AROM 2.6±1.9 0.58-17 0.63-5.2
Trichlorofluoromethane CHLOR 0.75±2.2 0.21-6.3 0.72-17
Trichloroethene CHLOR 1.8±2.2 0.23-6.9 1.7-84
1,1,1-Trichloroethane CHLOR 4.5±3.5 0.1-72 0.54-22
1,2,3-Trimethylbenzene AROM 0.29±3.1 <0.1-1.1 0.47-14
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene AROM 0.76±1.7 0.28-1.7 0.44-2.7
1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene AROM 0.38±1.8 <0.1-0.69 0.63-9.7
2,2,5-Trimethylhexane ALK 0.14±1.6 <0.1-0.31 0.29-6.3
n-Undecane ALK 1.1±2.7 <0.1-11 <0.1-5.9
m/p-Xylene AROM 2.12±1.6 0.93-4.6 0.47-3.7
o-Xylene AROM 0.66±1.5 0.30-1.4 0.51-3.3
TVOC (µg/m3) N/A 510±2.1 230-7,000 N/A