Criteria for Defining, Measuring and Selecting Low-VOC Impact Indoor Materials
In support of the development of building performance metrics, we are conducting research to establish criteria for defining, measuring and selecting indoor materials with low emissions of VOCs. We have completed an extensive literature review and have developed a methodology for defining acceptable health- and comfort-based criteria for indoor concentrations of VOCs and for emissions of VOCs from materials. The methodology requires testing of materials to generate emission factors that approximate those in buildings during early occupancy. Building concentrations are predicted for toxic and odorous compounds based on the emission factors, the quantities of materials and the building parameters such as ventilation rates. These concentrations are compared to: 1) literature data for sensory irritation and odor; 2) governmental agency evaluations of acute and chronic non-cancer health outcomes; and 3) VOC concentrations measured in a variety of buildings. In cases where guidelines are exceeded, alternate materials and/or building practices are sought. We initiated a demonstration, in which we applied this methodology to the selection of interior finish materials for new relocatable classrooms (sponsored by the California Energy Commission along with the U.S. Dept. of Energy). We are planning to implement and demonstrate the methodology in additional building projects and are seeking potential collaborations with manufacturers who are interested in producing low-VOC emitting materials. The production and use of low-emitting materials in new construction and renovation is anticipated to achieve energy savings through reduced ventilation requirements while improving indoor air quality.
Link to the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Building Technology, State
and Community Programs web site
http://www.eren.doe.gov/buildings/
Contact: Al Hodgson